We use cookies and other tools to enhance your experience on our website and to analyze our web traffic.
For more information about these cookies and the data collected, please refer to our Privacy Policy.

sleeptech

sleeptech
Joined Jun 2017
sleeptech
Joined Jun 2017

The reason that all apnoeas and hypopnoeas are weighted equally is that, while the duration and degree of oxygen desaturation can be of significance, most of the damage is caused by the arousal process which is the same for all of them. Also, whether an events is a an apnoea or a hypopnoea has little bearing on its duration or degree of desaturation. The difference between the an apnoea and a hypopnoea is very arbitrary. To be an apnoea there must be a 90% or greater reduction in respiratory air flow compared to baseline. If the reduction is 89% it's a hypopnoea. In either case you don't get enough air and it's causing damage to your body. AHI is not a perfect measure, and in the realm of medicine very few measures are perfect, but it is a pretty reasonable indication.

The other thing, of course, is that AHI should not be considered in isolation, but rather as part of a full suite of data from a properly performed, monitored and scored sleep study. It is very easy for people (including doctors) to fall into the trap of just looking at the AHI and nothing else. Care and should be taken by all sleep professionals to take each patient's individual situation into account. An AHI reported by a CPAP machine is far more reliable when a patient has had sleep study to assess the nuances of their particular situation and their response to treatment. We can be far more confident a machine returning a low AHI is providing effective treatment when we know what duration and severity of events are at different stages of sleep and how they responded to CPAP. In most cases we can be pretty confident that if the machine-reported AHI is low then a patient's oxygen levels are high and stable when we've already seen that this is the case in a titration study. Conversely, if we know that someone still has low oxygen levels, even though their respiration is stable, then we know that the AHI is not telling us the full story.

AHI is a useful tool, and like all tool it only works when used correctly. There is no substitute for good quality, conscientious, compassionate medical care.

There's a bit more to recognising Cheyne-Stokes respiration than just the characteristic wax/wane pattern. While that is part of it, many other forms of central apnoea can have they same wax/wane patters as happens in Cheyne-Stokes. To be true Cheyne-Stokes it must also be accompanied by a low carbon dioxide levels. This is part of the mechanism of Cheyne-Stokes. It is a rise in your CO2 level, rather than a decrease in your O2 level, that tells you when to breathe, however, your body can only properly monitor your CO2 levels within a certain range. If it gets too high then you body can no longer see the very small increase and decrease which triggers your breathing mechanism, so it then switches to O2 drive meaning that it is your O2 levels that triggers your breathing response. The problem with this is that your body is much worse at monitoring its O2 levels than CO2, so your breathing is much less stable on O2 drive. If your CO2 levels go too low, as in Cheyne-Stokes, then your body just thinks "cool, I don't need to breathe" and so it stops. after a while of not breathing your CO2 will come up again and restart your breathing mechanism, which will send it too low again and repeat the cycle. This is what causes the wax/wane pattern of Cheyne-Stokes breathing. The difference is very important because to fix someone with elevated CO2 levels you need to help them breathe more, thus getting more O2 in and blowing more CO2 out and pushing CO2 levels down. If you do this to someone with Cheyne-Stokes breathing you will send their already low CO2 even lower and only make things worse.

Appropriate treatment for any form of respiratory failure is not really about which machine is used so much as it is about how it is set. Some different machines do have different settings available, but unless they are set in a manner appropriate to the condition of the patient, they will be useless.

Cheyne-Stokes is just one form of central apnoea and far less common than others. Each requires its own tailored response.

I hope that is useful for you.